“Qurbani rules” guide the practice of performing Qurbani, also known as Udhiyah. The term “Qurbani” is often used interchangeably with “Udhiyah,” but both signify the act of animal sacrifice.
Eid al-Adha, often called the “Festival of Sacrifice,” is when Muslims around the world perform Qurbani to remember the story of Prophet Ibrahim. The charity aspect is central to this practice, with the distribution of Qurbani meat serving as a powerful symbol of care for others.
By examining the rules of Qurbani, you can understand the religious significance and ensure that the ritual is conducted properly, in line with Islamic teachings and community values.
In this article, we will delve into the rules surrounding Qurbani, exploring who is eligible, the required conditions, and the proper distribution of meat. By following these guidelines, you can make a significant charity impact through Qurbani, reinforcing the bonds of community and supporting those in need during Eid al-Adha and beyond.
Rules of qurbani mentioned in Quran
The concept of Qurbani, or Udhiyah, has roots in the Quran, with references providing guidance on animal sacrifice during Eid al-Adha. Here’s a closer look at these references and the underlying themes that guide Qurbani:
The Story of Prophet Ibrahim
The central Quranic narrative related to Qurbani is the story of Prophet Ibrahim, found in Surah As-Saffat (37:102-107).
"Then when the boy reached the age to work with him, Abraham said, “O my dear son! I have seen in a dream that I ˹must˺ sacrifice you. So tell me what you think.” He replied, “O my dear father! Do as you are commanded. Allah willing, you will find me steadfast.”
Then when they submitted ˹to Allah’s Will˺, and Abraham laid him on the side of his forehead ˹for sacrifice˺,
We called out to him, “O Abraham!
You have already fulfilled the vision.” Indeed, this is how We reward the good-doers.
That was truly a revealing test.
And We ransomed his son with a great sacrifice,1"
This passage recounts Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son at Allah’s command, demonstrating profound obedience and faith. Allah, in His mercy, replaces Ibrahim’s son with a ram, signifying divine intervention and marking the origin of the Qurbani tradition.
Charity and Distribution
While the Quran does not detail specific rules for Qurbani meat distribution, it emphasizes the importance of charity and community.
"It is not their meat nor their blood that reaches Allah, but it is piety from you that reaches Him."
Surah Al-Hajj (22:28) mentions the sacrificial animals and their role in feeding the poor.
Principles for Animal Sacrifice
The Quran provides general principles for animal sacrifice, emphasizing humane treatment and quality. Surah Al-Hajj (22:36-37) describes the animals to be sacrificed and highlights the significance of the act.
"And the camels and cattle We have appointed for you as among the symbols of Allah; for you therein is good. So mention the name of Allah upon them when lined up [for sacrifice]; and when they are [lifeless] on their sides, then eat from them and feed the needy and the beggar. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may be grateful."
The passage underscores that the value of the sacrifice lies in the intention and devotion, not merely the ritual itself. This guides the ethical treatment of animals and the importance of sincerity during Qurbani.
Who is Eligible for Qurbani?
To be eligible for Qurbani, a Muslim must meet certain requirements. The primary criterion is meeting the Nisab, a minimum threshold of wealth used to determine obligations in Islamic practices like Zakat and Qurbani. Muslims who meet or exceed this financial threshold are generally obligated to perform Qurbani, symbolizing their ability to share their blessings and support those in need during Eid al-Adha.
In our detailed guide on Who is Eligible for Qurbani, you can explore exceptions further and understand why they are in place.
Qurbani Rules
Qurbani Rules for Husband and Wife
In Islam, Qurbani rules for married couples often address whether joint Qurbani is permissible and if they can share the same Qurbani animal. The general consensus is as follows:
- Joint Qurbani by Married Couples: In most Islamic interpretations, each person obligated to perform Qurbani must do so individually. However, some schools of thought allow a husband and wife to share a larger animal, such as a cow or camel, with other participants. This is particularly common in joint family settings.
- Sharing the Same Qurbani Animal: Couples can share larger animals, provided that they account for the appropriate shares. For instance, a cow or camel can be divided into seven parts, allowing multiple individuals to share in the Qurbani. This means a husband and wife can each have a share in a larger animal, as long as they meet the minimum requirements for doing so.
Learn more about if Qurbani Farz or Sunnah? at the following link: https://africa-relief.org/is-qurbani-farz-or-sunnah/
Rules for Qurbani Animals
Minimum Age of Animals for Qurbani
Qurbani requires specific age requirements for sacrificial animals to ensure they are mature and suitable for sacrifice. Here’s a summary of the minimum ages for common Qurbani animals:
- Goats and Sheep: At least one year old.
- Cows and Buffalo: At least two years old.
- Camels: At least five years old.
Adhering to these age requirements ensures that the animals are mature and meet the Islamic standards for Qurbani.
Health and Quality Requirements
Qurbani animals must be healthy and free from serious defects or illnesses. The following conditions typically disqualify an animal from being used for Qurbani:
- Disqualifying Conditions: Blindness, excessive thinness, serious illness, or broken limbs.
- Additional Requirements: Animals should not be pregnant, excessively thin, or unable to walk to the slaughter site.
Ethical Considerations
Ethical treatment of animals is crucial in Qurbani. Respecting the Animal: Avoid showing other animals the slaughter, maintain cleanliness, and ensure the process is carried out with compassion.
These ethical considerations are central to Qurbani, reflecting Islamic values of respect and kindness.
Qurbani Meat Distribution Rules
Once Qurbani is complete, proper meat distribution is essential. The traditional approach involves dividing the meat into three parts:
- Three-Part Division: One part for the family, one for relatives or friends, and one for those in need.
- Equal Distribution: Each share should be equal by weight, ensuring fairness.
Donate Qurbani with Africa Relief
One way to maximize this impact is by donating your Qurbani/Udhiyah through Africa Relief. This humanitarian organization ensures your donation reaches vulnerable communities, providing essential food and reinforcing the spirit of compassion during Eid al-Adha.
Make your Qurbani donation today with Africa Relief, and contribute to a cause that supports those who need it most. Together, we can make a lasting difference.
As you consider the “Qurbani rules” to ensure your Eid al-Adha sacrifice is performed correctly, think about the broader impact of your donation. By following the Qurbani rules for husband and wife, and understanding the eligibility for Qurbani, you can make a significant difference to those in need.